Clefts of the lip are incomplete or complete. Incomplete means only a portion of the lip is involved, and may mean anything from a muscular diastasis only, to a large cleft with only a small band of tissue connecting the two sides. A complete cleft lip involves the entire thickness of the lip. Cleft lips are unilateral or bilateral.
The primary palate is anterior to the incisive foramen, and the secondary palate is posterior to the foramen. Clefts of the palate are unilateral if on one side the palatal process of the maxilla is fused with the nasal septum. A bilateral cleft is not attached to the nasal septum, and the septum is visible through the cleft. A complete palatal cleft involves the primary and secondary palate; an incomplete cleft involves the secondary palate only.
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